fundamental$30377$ - translation to ελληνικό
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fundamental$30377$ - translation to ελληνικό

RESULT CONSIDERED TO BE THE MOST CENTRAL AND THE IMPORTANT ONE IN SOME FIELD
List of fundamental theorems; Fundamental Theorem; Fundamental Theorems; Fundamental lemma; Fundamental equation; Fundamental theorem; Fundamental theorems

fundamental      
adj. βασικός, θεμελιώδης
velocity of light         
  • Hendrik Lorentz (right) with Albert Einstein (1921)
  • alt=A light ray passes horizontally through a half-mirror and a rotating cog wheel, is reflected back by a mirror, passes through the cog wheel, and is reflected by the half-mirror into a monocular.
  • alt=A diagram of a planet's orbit around the Sun and of a moon's orbit around another planet. The shadow of the latter planet is shaded.
  • alt=Schematic of the working of a Michelson interferometer.
  • Measurement of the speed of light using the eclipse of Io by Jupiter
  • The [[Lorentz factor]] ''γ'' as a function of velocity. It starts at{{Nbsp}}1 and approaches infinity as ''v'' approaches ''c''.
  • One of the last and most accurate time of flight measurements, Michelson, Pease and Pearson's 1930–35 experiment used a rotating mirror and a one-mile (1.6 km) long vacuum chamber which the light beam traversed 10 times. It achieved accuracy of ±11 km/s.
  • alt=Three pairs of coordinate axes are depicted with the same origin A; in the green frame, the x axis is horizontal and the ct axis is vertical; in the red frame, the x′ axis is slightly skewed upwards, and the ct′ axis slightly skewed rightwards, relative to the green axes; in the blue frame, the x′′ axis is somewhat skewed downwards, and the ct′′ axis somewhat skewed leftwards, relative to the green axes. A point B on the green x axis, to the left of A, has zero ct, positive ct′, and negative ct′′.
  • alt=A star emits a light ray that hits the objective of a telescope. While the light travels down the telescope to its eyepiece, the telescope moves to the right. For the light to stay inside the telescope, the telescope must be tilted to the right, causing the distant source to appear at a different location to the right.
  • A beam of light is depicted travelling between the Earth and the Moon in the time it takes a light pulse to move between them: 1.255 seconds at their mean orbital (surface-to-surface) distance. The relative sizes and separation of the Earth–Moon system are shown to scale.
  • alt=A box with three waves in it; there are one and a half wavelength of the top wave, one of the middle one, and a half of the bottom one.
SPEED OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES IN VACUUM
Velocity of light; The speed of light in vacuum; Light speed; Speed of Light; Speed Of Light; Light speed barrier; Lightspeed; Speed of light (c); Weber's constant; Percentage of the speed of light; 299792458; Speed-of-light; Light Speed; Speed of Liht; 299,792,458; Speed of electricity/light; Speed of light in a vacuum; The speed of light in a vacuum; Speed of radio; The speed of radio; Fundamental Speed; Speed of ligth; 299,792,458 metres per second; Electromagnetic wave speed; The speed of light; 186282; Luminal speed; Speed of massless particles; Planck speed; Planck velocity; Vacuum speed of light; Celerity constant; 299792458 metres per second; Light-speed; 299792458 m/s; 299792458 metres/second; 299792458 metres / second; Speed of causality; C (speed of light); C (physics); C (constant); Speed of light in vacuum; History of the speed of light; Mach 874,030
ταχύτητα φωτός
plane geometry         
  • A disproof of Euclidean geometry as a description of physical space. In a 1919 test of the general theory of relativity, stars (marked with short horizontal lines) were photographed during a solar [[eclipse]]. The rays of starlight were bent by the Sun's gravity on their way to Earth. This is interpreted as evidence in favor of Einstein's prediction that gravity would cause deviations from Euclidean geometry.
  • A sphere has 2/3 the volume and surface area of its circumscribing cylinder. A sphere and cylinder were placed on the tomb of Archimedes at his request.
  • Congruence of triangles is determined by specifying two sides and the angle between them (SAS), two angles and the side between them (ASA) or two angles and a corresponding adjacent side (AAS). Specifying two sides and an adjacent angle (SSA), however, can yield two distinct possible triangles unless the angle specified is a right angle.
  • invariant]]s and studying them is the essence of geometry.
  • René Descartes. Portrait after [[Frans Hals]], 1648.
  • The parallel postulate (Postulate 5): If two lines intersect a third in such a way that the sum of the inner angles on one side is less than two right angles, then the two lines inevitably must intersect each other on that side if extended far enough.
  • Squaring the circle: the areas of this square and this circle are equal. In 1882, it was proven that this figure cannot be constructed in a finite number of steps with an idealized [[compass and straightedge]].
MATHEMATICAL SYSTEM ATTRIBUTED TO EUCLID
Geometry in R2; Euclid's postulates; Plane Geometry; Euclidean Geometry; Euclidian geometry; Geometry Postulates; Two dimensional geometry; Two-dimensional geometry; Noncoordinate geometry; Orthogonal geometry; Euclid's axioms; Euclidean geometry of the plane; Euclid axioms; Euclid postulates; Euclidean axioms; Axioms of geometry; Euclidean plane geometry; Fundamental concepts of geometry; Plane geometry; Classical geometry; Planar geometry; Geometry of Euclid; Euclid's second postulate; Euclid's third postulate; Euclid's fourth postulate; Applications of Euclidean geometry; 2D geometry
επιπεδομετρία

Ορισμός

fundamental
I. a.
Essential, primary, indispensable, radical, constitutional, organic, most important, principal.
II. n.
Leading principle, essential part, essential principle.

Βικιπαίδεια

List of theorems called fundamental

In mathematics, a fundamental theorem is a theorem which is considered to be central and conceptually important for some topic. For example, the fundamental theorem of calculus gives the relationship between differential calculus and integral calculus. The names are mostly traditional, so that for example the fundamental theorem of arithmetic is basic to what would now be called number theory. Some of these are classification theorems of objects which are mainly dealt with in the field. For instance, the fundamental theorem of curves describe classification of regular curves in space up to translation, rotation.

Likewise, the mathematical literature sometimes refers to the fundamental lemma of a field. The term lemma is conventionally used to denote a proven proposition which is used as a stepping stone to a larger result, rather than as a useful statement in-and-of itself.